Mental health articles
OF mental health care and mentally ill
Infant–parent relationship influences on feeding
Infant–parent relationship influences on feeding Feeding behaviours are a reflection of the blending of a number of intricately interrelated physical, maturational and interpersonal factors. The substantially automatic responses of the newborn to root and suckle and to engage in handto-mouth activity begin a learning process that culminates in self-feeding. The first year of life is […]
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Infant devlopmental guidance in the first year
Infant devlopmental guidance in the first year Newborn Wrapping, snuggling in mother’s arms, ‘wearing’ in a sling or patting may assist transition from REM to NREM sleep. A degree of maturity is needed before an infant can develop self-comforting means (such as sucking hands) to assist frequent transitions between REM and NREM sleep. One month […]
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Infant developmental guidance
Developmental guidance Supporting parents in the early weeks and months of their infant’s life with education and guidance may prevent or solve some sleep onset and night-waking problems. Clinicians may be able to assist parents to enable their babies to develop their own self-regulatory capacities around going to sleep by: • giving information about the […]
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Assessing the caregiving environment
Assessing the caregiving environment Factors in the caregiving environment that may influence sleep patterns include: • stress, including the accumulative impact of maternal sleep deprivation • availability of social supports for caregivers • lack of attunement to infant caused by disability, drug and alcohol abuse, or lack of time • difficulties for infant and parent […]
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Developmental assessment
Developmental assessment On some occasions, in particular with a toddler or older child, and depending on the observations and the history given by the parents, a developmental assessment may be required to detect any developmental issues affecting sleep. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development (Bayley, 1993) and the Griffiths Mental Development Scales (Griffiths, 1984) are […]
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Relationship-based disturbances and disorders
Relationship-based disturbances and disorders When there is no evidence of regulatory involvement in the infant, and information on development and support has not changed the sleep problem, it is important to consider underlying factors in the infant–parent relationship. Unconscious feelings or past experiences of the parents may be influencing separation at sleep times. For example, […]
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Sleeping problems are related to regulatory disorders
Sleeping problems are related to regulatory disorders Sleeping problems related to getting to sleep or, when woken, getting back to sleep, are often related to difficulties with self-regulation, self-calming and the ability to manage transitions. These usually improve with maturation given a relatively consistent, sensitive and responsive environment. For some babies there can be both […]
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Maturational challenges to self-regulation
Maturational challenges to self-regulation Situations where maturation affects self-regulation with possible effects on sleep include an infant frustrated by a desire to walk who may want to practise walking in bed, pull himself up to standing in the cot and then be unable to get back down. At this point the infant is wide awake […]
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Nightmares and night terrors
Nightmares and night terrors While night terrors and nightmares usually occur in children between five and twelve years, they may begin during the toddler and preschool period. They are referred to as parasomnias, that is, disorders of arousal where motor and autonomic activation intrude on ongoing sleep. Night terrors occur in NREM (quiet) sleep, in […]
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Adjustment disorders of infant
Adjustment disorders An adjustment disorder is where there is a temporary reaction in the infant lasting days or weeks but no longer than four months, and a clearly identifiable environmental event such as the mother returning to work or the family moving house. Well-established sleep patterns can be disturbed as a consequence of change in […]
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Mental health articles
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- Unmasking the Silent Predator: Understanding Depression
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- acute stress disorder nursing diagnosis
- primary treatment for acute stress disorder
- test for acute stress disorder
- acute stress disorder signs and symptoms
- acute stress disorder causes
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