Mental health articles

OF mental health care and mentally ill

Symptoms of depression in women and men

The symptoms of depression  in women and men tend to fall into four main groupings: emotions or feelings; physical symptoms; thought patterns; and behavioural symptoms.

Emotions: feeling like crying a lot; feeling alone (even in company); feeling sad, depressed upset, hopeless, despairing, or just numb; feeling anxious, irritable, or unreasonably angry; feeling lethargic; having no interest or enjoyment in things (even things that used to be enjoyable); low self-esteem and feelings of worthlessness and/or guilt.

Physical symptoms: loss of energy, lethargy, tiredness, or fatigue; restlessness or agitation; changes in appetite (either poor or increased) and resulting weight loss or gain; difficulties in sleeping (either not falling asleep easily, not returning to sleep after waking during the night, early morning wakening, or, conversely, a desire to sleep a great deal of the time); headaches; indigestion; stomach pains; irregular periods.

Thoughts: difficulty in concentrating or a slowness in thinking; indecisiveness; loss of confidence in self; having an unusually negative or gloomy outlook; thinking that everything is hopeless or that the worst will happen; negative self-concept, selfreproach and self-blame, even self-hate; recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.

Behaviour: having difficulty in doing anything; neglecting everyday tasks, like regular meals and personal hygiene; putting off doing things, even things that one normally enjoys; having short occasional bursts of energy, and then usually not completing things; cutting oneself off from friends, family, regular support, or social activities; difficulty in maintaining regular work hours.

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