Mental health articles
OF mental health care and mentally ill
Nursing interventions for anorexia nervosa
Given the multiple routes to anorexia, the optimal emphasis of treatment may vary considerably across individuals. Potential interventions include cognitive behavioural therapy, family therapy, insight-oriented psychotherapy, with each being complementary rather than competitive interventions. Interventions can be considered in two stages: fi rst, initial treatment, usually in hospital, focusing on weight gain; and second, longer-term […]
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Anorexia and bulimia information
Here are two accounts of people with bulimia and anorexia. Despite both being concerned with eating-related disorders, the two discourses are completely different. The account of the person with bulimia centres on the drive to eat and the guilt and discomfort associated with it. That of the person with anorexia focuses on wider issues, in […]
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Psychological explanations for anorexia and bulimia
Weight-related schemata Social factors translate into behaviour through cognitive processes. Despite the many differences in presenting problems, Fairburn’s cognitive model proposed a similar cognitive disturbance in both anorexia and bulimia: a set of distorted beliefs and attitudes towards body shape and weight. Thinness and weight loss are prioritized, perhaps because of the high status given […]
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Socio-cultural factors of anorexia and bulimia
Socio-cultural factors ‘Thin is attractive.’ People with both anorexia and bulimia place a prime importance on shape and weight, probably because of a more general cultural emphasis placed on physical appearance within Western society. Images of femininity and female attractiveness have shifted since the 1960s to a slimmer, less ‘hour-glass’ shape. The classic ‘figure’ portrayed […]
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Biochemical mechanisms of anorexia and bulimia
Biochemical mechanisms The main brain area involved in the regulation of appetite is the hypothalamus, although other brain areas and factors in the gut also infl uence hunger and satiety. The lateral hypothalamus produces hunger when stimulated; surgical damage results in dramatic reductions in food intake and weight loss. Activation of the ventromedial hypothalamus triggers […]
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Genetic factors of anorexia and bulimia
Genetic factors Genetic factors may contribute to risk for both anorexia and bulimia. Klump et al., for example, estimated 74 per cent of the variance in anorexic behaviours to be attributable to genetic factors, following a twin study in which they found 50 per cent of MZ twins and no DZ twins to be concordant […]
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DSM criteria for bulimia
The DSM-IV-TR criteria for bulimia nervosa are: recurrent episodes of binge eating recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviour, such as vomiting after eating, in order to prevent weight gain compensatory behaviours occur, on average, at least twice a week for three months undue influence of weight or shape on self-evaluation. Many people with bulimia feel unattractive, have […]
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Anorexia nervosa medical definition and diagnosis
Anorexia nervosa First identified in the late nineteenth century, anorexia nervosa involves behaviours intended to keep the individual as thin as possible. Indeed, the defining characteristic of anorexia is being signifi cantly underweight. DSM-IV-TR suggested a weight-based cut-off point for a diagnosis of anorexia as being 15 per cent below the normal weight for age […]
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Treatments for psychopathic personality
Treatment of psychopathy Psychopathic individuals do not seek treatment, and most interventions occur within prison or other custodial settings. As a result of their lack of motivation to change, psychopathy has often been considered an untreatable condition, although there have been some voices of dissent from this somewhat negative viewpoint. Of interest are three review […]
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Anti social personality disorder treatment
Treatment of antisocial personality Psychological interventions Interventions to reduce antisocial behaviour have focused almost exclusively on young people within the criminal system – fortuitously perhaps, as attempts at change in older people may prove more diffi cult (Davidson et al. 2008). As such, they may be better considered as programmes designed to change criminal behaviour […]
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Mental health articles
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