Mental health articles
OF mental health care and mentally ill
research report
The concept of abnormality-Who needs treatment?
Before we can begin to describe and evaluate the different types of treatment that are available for mental disorder, it is essential to consider first what exactly we mean by ‘mental disorder’ or ‘abnormality’. Despite the fact that most cultures have acknowledged the existence of mental problems in some form, there are considerable discrepancies between […]
Tags: abnormality, treatment
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Principles of Cognitive Therapy with Personality Disorders
Because of the rigidity and primacy of dysfunctional schemas in individuals with personality disorders, cognitive therapy goes beyond the cognitive and behavioral interventions used in the treatment of Axis I disorders and includes strategies to increase collaboration and confront schemas. Specifically, cognitive therapy for personality disorders integrates cognitive, behavioral, interpersonal, and experiential techniques. Compared to […]
Tags: cognitive therapy, disorders, personality, personality disorders
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Tests of the Cognitive Theory of Personality Disorders
According to cognitive theory, the essence of a personality disorder is revealed in the dysfunctional beliefs that characterize and perpetuate it (Beck et al., 1990; Pretzer & Beck, 1996). Early investigations of the association between dysfunctional cognitions and personality disorders provide general support for the cognitive model. O’Leary et al. (1991) found that scores on […]
Tags: cognitive theory, disorders, personality, personality disorders
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Young Schema Questionnaire
Unlike the PBQ, which is designed to correlate with Axis II disorders, the Young Schema Questionnaire YSQ (Young & Brown, 1990) assessesEMS, which cross-cut DSM-IV categories and appear in normal personalities as well.EMSare trait-like constructs that are theorized to underlie personality disorders and chronic depressions and anxiety. They are present in normal personalities and contribute […]
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Personality Belief Questionnaire
The Personality Belief Questionnaire (PBQ; Beck & Beck, 1995) is a 126-item, selfreport measure that contains the prototypical schema content of the Axis II disorders. Respondents are asked to rate how much they believe each statement (from 0 “I do not believe it at all” to 4 “I believe it totally”). A belief ascribed to […]
Tags: personality, questionnaire
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Assessment Instruments for Personality Disorders
Cognitive therapy uses both categorical and dimensional measures for the assessment of normal and abnormal personalities. Categorical measures, such as structured clinical interviews to determine and document the presence or absence of an Axis II disorder (e.g., SCID-II; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, Williams, & Benjamin, 1994), are often required in clinical and research settings (Beck et […]
Tags: assessment, assessment instruments, disorders, personality, personality disorders
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Sociotropy—Autonomy and Other Personality Measures
Sociotropy and autonomy have been examined in relation to measures in personality psychology, such as the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI; Costa & McCrae, 1985) and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ; Eysenck & Eysenck, 1975). Sociotropy appears related to other measures of theoretically congruent constructs like dependency, lack of assertion, and introversion (Cappeliez, 1993; Gilbert & […]
Tags: autonomy, measures, personality, personality measures, sociotropy
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The Sociotropy–Autonomy Scale
The Sociotropy–Autonomy Scale (SAS; Beck, Epstein, Harrison, & Emery, 1983) is a 60-item, self-report questionnaire that was constructed to assess the personality dimensions of sociotropy and autonomy, specifi cally to study their relationships to life stress events in the development of symptomotology. Other measures of these constructs are the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ; Blatt, D’Affl […]
Tags: autonomy, scale, sociotropy
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A Proposed Definition of Personality-Related Disorders
All individuals have personalities that can be characterized in terms of the fi ve basic factors, and they are likely to encounter characteristic kinds of life problems, especially when there are confl icts between their dispositions and their life circumstances. To take a relatively benign example, individuals high in O (who value variety) may be […]
Tags: disorders, personality, personality disorders
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The Definition of Personality
Some readers may be puzzled by the assertion that there are no qualitative differences between normal and abnormal personality. Surely a hebephrenic schizophrenic or a severely demented individual has a psychological organization qualitatively different from the average person’s. If personality is defined broadly as, for example, “the entire mental organization of a human being at […]
Tags: personality
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