Mental health articles

OF mental health care and mentally ill

mentally ill

Problems of gender identity disorder

Access to sex change surgery in Britain is limited. At times of inadequate resources for health care, this type of surgery is given a low priority, and many people with gender identity disorder can fi nd it extremely diffi cult, if not impossible, to obtain this treatment from the National Health Service. Many people who […]

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Gender identity disorder symptoms

Gender identity disorder In contrast to transvestism, where men dress as women, but accept their male identity, individuals with gender identity disorder (GID) believe themselves to have been born the wrong sex. DSM-IV-TR defines the disorder as: a strong and persistent cross-gender identifi cation persistent discomfort with one’s sex, or a sense of inappropriateness in […]

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The difinition of transvestic fetishism

Transvestic fetishism DSM-IV-TR defined transvestic fetishism as: recurrent, intense, sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges or behaviours involving crossdressing over a period of at least six months in a heterosexual male these fantasies, sexual urges or behaviours cause clinically signifi cant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning. Boys who grow […]

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paedophilia symptoms

Paedophilia Sexual relationships between adults and children are not new. Across the ancient world, there are clear examples of what would now be referred to as paedophilic relationships, particularly involving young boys. In Greece such relationships were seen as contributing to the boy’s education; in Rome, the relationship may have been more focused on the […]

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Risk factors for child mental health problems

The presence of risk factors can alert the GP to probe more carefully for the symptoms of a psychiatric disorder in a child with a non-specifi c presentation. Important family factors include parental physical and mental disorder and domestic violence. The risk may be mediated through a number of routes: parenting may be suboptimal, children […]

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Alcohol withdrawal states Withdrawal syndrome

Not every heavy drinker will suffer a withdrawal syndrome, but, for most who do, it is unpleasant Onset: three to six hours after last drink Duration: fi ve to seven days Common withdrawal symptoms: headache, nausea, vomiting, sweating and tremor. Generalised (grand mal) convulsions may occur during withdrawal Delirium tremens This occurs in about 5% […]

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Mental Health Problems in Old Age

The health service has changed apace since the fi rst edition of this ABC. Top-down management of services has made sweeping changes in the mental health services for adult’s of working age, achieved with (from an older adult’s perspective) massive fi nancial investment. Older adults mental health services have also had to change, responding to […]

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Treating opioid dependence

Maintenance, either with methadone mixture (1 mg/mL) or buprenorphine should be the mainstay of management for opioid dependence, certainly until the patient is able and willing to withdraw (‘detoxify’) and achieve abstinence. Methadone maintenance treatment has been shown to be effective in reducing health, criminal and social harms in trials, including many randomised, doubleblind studies. […]

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Sexual variations and deviations

Sexual variations and deviations Paraphilias are problems arising from sexual preferences that are unwelcome to the patients, to others or to society at large. They represent modifi cations of the capacity for erotic response to another adult and can be understood as a disconnection between sex and affection. Most paraphilias involve behaviours that play a […]

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Definition and diagnosis of Obsessive-compulsive disorder

A DSM-IV diagnosis of OCD is made if the person exhibits either obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are indicated by the following: 1 The person has recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses or images that are experienced, at some time during the disturbance, as intrusive and inappropriate and that cause marked anxiety or distress. 2 The thoughts, […]

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