Mental health articles

OF mental health care and mentally ill

March, 2013

The role of nurses in child and adolescent services

The Audit Commission document Children in Mind  described a four-tier model for the delivery of child and adolescent services. Tier 1 services are provided by primary care and other front-line services offering advice for mild to moderate problems and promoting mental health. Tier 2 services are generally provided by specialist professionals working on their own […]

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Child and adolescent mental health problems in primary care

Although childhood psychiatric disorders are relatively common, only 1 in 10 of cases is seen in specialist mental health services for children. Two to 5 per cent of children attending primary care during any one year present with emotional or behavioural disorders. Pre-school children present predominantly with oppositional deficient disorder, while school-age children present with […]

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Early childhood mental health information

Mental health problems in childhood Pre-school problems Pre-school problems such as sleep problems, tantrums and feeding problems are relatively common. Moderate to severe behavioural problems have been found in 7 per cent with mild problems in a further 15 per cent, with a slight male excess. Disorders starting in pre-school years can persist into later […]

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Classification of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders

The present system of classification for child and adolescent psychiatric disorders has focused primarily on symptomatology rather than aetiology. In child psychiatry, organic disorders in which psychiatric disorders arise secondary to physical causes are rare. Multi-axial classification takes into account different aspects of a patient’s disorder and classifies the disorder along different axes giving a […]

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generalized anxiety disorder definition and diagnosis

Definition and diagnosis Generalized anxiety disorder is diagnosed using DSM IV (APA 1994) criteria if the following are seen: 1Excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for at least six months, about a number of events or activities (such as work or school performance). 2The person finds it difficult to control […]

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What is Generalized anxiety disorder?

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by apprehensive worry and physical symptoms of restlessness, fatigue, impaired concentration, irritability, muscle tension and/or insomnia. The main cognitive symptom of worry is defined by Wells and Butler: ‘Worry occurs as a chain of thoughts, which have a negative affect component. It is concerned with future events where there […]

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Hypochondriasis case study

Case study: hypochondriasis Terry is a 37-year-old married bank manager. He had developed a range of symptoms which caused him to fear that he had a brain tumour as he was having ‘migraine attacks’, blurred vision, dizziness, nausea and panic. Over time and following a range of investigations (CT scan, pathology tests, EEG) his beliefs […]

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Panic attacks case study

Case study: panic disorder Sharon was a 26-year-old single woman with a history of panic attacks that occurred out of the blue, including at night. Her first panic attack occurred some five years earlier while she was studying for her final exams at university. At that time she experienced intense symptoms of a pounding heart, […]

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Case study on PTSD

Case study: post-traumatic stress disorder Sean is a 37-year-old lorry driver in the army, who was involved in a civilian rescue following a coach crash. He was the first rescuer on the scene and climbed into the crashed coach when it was still unstable and when petrol was pouring out of the tank. While climbing […]

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Psychology definition of abnormal behavior

Defining Abnormal Behavior. Attempts to define abnormal, deviant, disordered, or psychopathological behavior in psychology have largely been disastrous, although this process is necessary to develop a classification system. Any number of attempts ranging from statistical to theoretical positions have been made; all cause more confusion than clarification. One possible solution to this problem is Wakefield’s […]

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